First, let me say that there is no such thing as “superficial” or “actual” parallelism! It’s amazing what fancy terms people throw around when the underlying concept is actually really simple!

Here’s what this person said:

Now, here’s my response. Hopefully you can answer this quickly as well.

So they tell us that minimum r is 100. So basically you have $100 for the first 4 hours and then (.2*100 = $20) for each additional hour.
(1) Tells us the total charge was $288.

Hmmm.. How do we get from $100 to $288? Well, the first $100 is 4 hours. So how many additional hours at $20/addl hour would it take to get to $288?

Well, you need 5 additional hours to get to $200. To get to $288, you would need a little more than 9 additional hours—on top of the original 4 hours.
Combined, you get at least 13 hours.

Now ask yourself—did the job take more than 10 hours? YES!

Now you should notice there is a variable r in the question. Can you think of another value for r such that the answer to the question is NO, instead of YES?

Well, you are told the minimum r is 100–however, there is no maximum for r! So what if r were $288. So it costs $288 for the first 4 hours?
Well, it looks like (1) is satisfied and the number of hours is only 4 hours!
Going back to the question—did the job take more than 10 hours? NO!

So clearly we have conflicting answers here–YES and NO. Therefore, you know (1) is no good–so the answer must be (B), (C), or (E).

Now let’s look at (2):
A total of 2.4r dollars. Well, we know minimum r =100—so 2.4r would be $240.
How many hours to get to $240? Well, $100 for the first 4 hours means there’s $140 left to go from $100 to $240. $140 divided by $20/additional hour means 7 extra hours.

Add that 7 hours to the original 4 hours and you get 11 hours. Is that more than 10 hours? Yes!

What if r were a higher number? What if r=1,000? So the total job costs $2,400. With $1,000 for first 4 hours + $200 per additional hour—that would be a total of 4 + 7 additional hours = 11 total hours.
Is that more than 10 hours? YES! So you see it doesn’t matter what r is—the answer here is always YES.

Obviously, I should have some reason for making a claim like that. I mean, who the heck am I to say that most people don’t “do” questions the right way? That implies that I “do” questions the right way.

Well, let me answer that for you.

First, let me say that I am NOT naturally “smart.” Unlike some people who naturally “get it”–I usually have to work at it.

Second, even though I’m not naturally smart, I’ve developed a mental strategy that helps me get to where I need to be.

You see, I used to be a nationally ranked cellist and pianist (I admit I was overshadowed by my arch-nemesis, Yo-Yo Ma–pictured here at the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony–so I never quite made it on the international scene..haha ).

Going through the painstaking process of learning and memorizing hours of musical literature and performing them under pressure taught me a few things that are surprisingly relevant to GMAT studying.

Think about it. “Doing” GMAT questions is like “practicing” new music. At first it’s completely new to you. But you have to process the new material in your head until you totally understand it. You can explain it. You can recite it. You understand it.

So how do you get from A to B?

So how do you get from “this is completely new to me” to “I know this” ????

“DO” GMAT Questions Like a Musician

Well, in learning new music you don’t memorize the whole thing at first glance! You first take a small chunk, like the one below:

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But of course you need to subdivide this chunk. So focus on the first measure first:

Focus on the left side.

Figure it out note by note.
Identify where the beats are.
Identify the sentence structure and any commas you might see at first glance.
And find the correct way to play this and arrive at the correct answer.
When you’re ready, play this first measure all the way through without stopping and mark your correct answer. Then move on.

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Focus on the right side.

Now that you’ve got the first question or measure down, now you focus on the second measure. Do the same thing.
Find the pitfalls, avoid them, arrive at the correct answer.
Sure you might get “stuck” here and there, but when you’re ready–start from the beginning of the question and go all the way through and mark your correct answer.

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OK, now that you’ve got questions #1 and #2 correct separately, let’s see if you can go through both of them all the way through without stopping or hesitating.
You want to make sure you can think through both questions confidently without any hiccups.
Sometimes, being exposed to #2, will alter how you might do #1. So you want to test yourself to see if you can go through both #1 and #2 without hesitation–AS IF it were a performance–AS IF it were the real GMAT.

First you go through a question. Check the answer. What the heck did you do wrong? How could you have answered that question correctly. Did you do a stupid mistake? Did you not see a comma or an obvious sentence structure that you should have seen? Read the explanation.

OK, move on to the next question. Do the same thing. Look at the explanation. Maybe you got it right, maybe there was a quicker, more efficient way of arriving at the correct answer. Why did you miss that more efficient way? How could you have thought about it better so you would arrive at the correct answer faster?

Keep doing this until by the end of the day you do maybe like 30 questions. Now by the time you do 30 questions, you probably forgot what the questions or answers were for question #1.

So start all over. See if you can plow through questions #1 – #30 without stopping and getting ALL of them right. After all, you SAW the answer explanations. So if you really “understood” the answer explanations, then you should have no problem going through the questions.

This is the approach you should be using when you “do” GMAT questions. Once you redo all 30 questions straight through. Now do another 30 questions. Then combine all 60 questions and see if you can run through all of them straight through without mistakes.

If you subdivide, think through groups of questions, and then REDO all those questions in different orders AS IF you were sitting for the real exam and you are aware of time pressure, I guarantee your studying will be that much more effective than what you are currently doing now.

Let’s follow through some of the analysis so far:

Statement 1

0+2 = 2? Yes
0-2 = 2? No
0/2 = 2? No
0*2 = 2? No

(1) is sufficient.

Statement 2

2+0 = 2?Yes
2-0 = 2?Yes

With (1) you DEFINITELY know * must be +. So Statement (1) is good.

With (2), it could be EITHER “+” or “-”. There is indeed ambiguity regarding which operation you should use.

But look carefully at the question. It asks:
what is the value of 1*0?

Well, let’s break it down with the two operations: addition and subtraction.

what is the value of 1+0?
What is the value of 1-0?

Notice the answer to each of the two situations is 1! There is NO ambiguity to the question.The answer is always 1 regardless of addition or subtraction.

Remember you need to answer the question and not get confused with the intermediary steps. When there is no ambiguity to the question then you know you do indeed have enough information. Therefore, (2) alone is good as well as (1) alone. So the overall answer is (D).

If I missed a point, please point out, but this seems like a typical way GMAT tries to trick you.

Let’s take a look.

There are three areas:
1) Beginning
2) Percentage change
3) End

The question asks what was the end balance—basically it’s like for item #3. This is a typical framework of the GMAT Pill. You basically need two of the 3 in order to find the 3rd piece.So in order to find the end balance, you need both the beginning balance and the percentage change in between.

With statement (1) you see a HYPOTHETICAL percentage change and you also see a HYPOTHETICAL end number. From this you have enough info to find the ACTUAL BEGINNING balance–that’s the first piece of info we need but not enough to find the end balance.

With statement (2) we are given the ACTUAL PERCENTAGE change–that’s exactly the second piece of info we need in order to find the ACTUAL END balance. By itself, (2) is not enough info, but as we already knew we needed 2 pieces of info to solve this question and statement (2) gave us that. Therefore, only when combining both statements do we have enough info.